binding bind to an end point, connect, disconnect, wait for connection facilitates communication capability_mgmt create, destroy caps copy, move caps transfer caps between cores debugging modify system state query system state control execution attach to domains/processes/threads driver device drivers device_man device management (eg enumeration, address assignment, etc.) bus management environment process env group_comm broadcast, multicast consensus lock_service mutual exclusion, synchronisation primitives mem_alloc manage physial memory allocate, free memory naming name->value mapping notifications network_stack TCP/IP stack packet filtering power_mgmt monitor power usage manipulate power usage turn subsystems on/off turn hardware on/off principals users/principals accounts account control authorisation? access control (eg via caps) process_mgmt processes/domains start, stop processes load processes move processes resource_acct_mgmt keep accounting monitor resource usage scheduling routing intra-machine message routing shell command processor skb system knowledge base database of system information request information constraint solving storage_mgmt abstractions for persistent storage file system database terminal terminal/console/tty multiplex terminal output demultiplex terminal input threading thread management scheduling thread local storage synchronisation tracing trace system events monitor system events query system events VMachine virtual machine monitor VMem virtual memory management mapping/unmapping pages address spaces paging/swapping